The CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026–27 is your complete roadmap to scoring high marks in one of the most important subjects of your school life. Science is not just a subject; it is the base of whatever you study in classes 11 and 12, be it physics, chemistry, or biology.
In this article we have divided the entire syllabus into simple tables for quick reference and paragraphs where you need to understand more in-depth information. Also find deleted topics, practical experiments, internal assessment marks and top preparation tips till the end.
Overview of the CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus for 2026–2027
Let’s first examine the fundamental format of the science paper before moving on to the chapters. This will help you to plan your preparation smartly from Day 1 itself.
| Particulars | Details |
|---|---|
| Board | Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) |
| Class | 10th Standard |
| Subject | Science |
| Theory Exam Marks | 80 Marks |
| Internal Assessment | 20 Marks |
| Total Marks | 100 Marks |
| Academic Session | 2026–27 |
The theory paper is of 80 marks, and your internal assessment is of 20 marks. So it is easy to score 20 marks through practicals, tests, and portfolio work during the year.Never forget internal assessment – free marks to be picked up.
Syllabus pattern of each unit
The CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus is divided into five broad units. The four units are Chemistry, Biology, Physics and Environmental Science. Each is a different branch of science.
| Unit | Unit Name | Main Branch |
|---|---|---|
| Unit I | Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour | Chemistry |
| Unit II | World of Living | Biology |
| Unit III | Natural Phenomena | Physics |
| Unit IV | Effects of Current | Physics |
| Unit V | Natural Resources | Environmental Science |
Unit I – Chemical Substances: Nature and Behaviour ?(Simple Explanation)
This is the chemistry section of your syllabus and one of the highest-scoring units if you practice well. There are four chapters in this unit, and each one is important from the board exam point of view.
Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
This chapter teaches you how chemical changes happen around us every day6. from rusting of iron to burning of wood. You will learn how to write and balance chemical equations, a skill that stays with you even in Class 11 chemistry. The key reaction types you must master are combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, and oxidation-reduction reactions.
Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
This chapter is extremely practical because it explains things you use every day like baking soda, washing soda, and bleaching powder. The pH scale and neutralization reactions are must-learn concepts. Questions from this chapter appear every single year in board exams.
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals
This chapter tells us why metals are shiny and conduct electricity whereas most non-metals do not. The reactivity series is very important here. you need to memorize the order of metals. Corrosion and prevention of corrosion is another favorite board exam topic.
CHAPTER 4 : CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS
You will study covalent bonding, hydrocarbons, the homologous series, and the difference between soaps and detergents. Ethanol and ethanoic acid are specifically important for both theory and practical exams.
Unit II – World of Living (Biology)
This biology unit has four chapters that explain how living things survive, reproduce, and pass on traits to the next generation. This unit directly connects to real life, which makes it interesting and easy to remember.
Life Processes
This chapter covers the essential activities that every organism performs: nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. Draw neat and labeled diagrams for this chapter, as diagrams fetch full marks in board exams.
Control and Coordination
This chapter explains how your brain, nerves, and hormones work together to help you respond to the world around you. Important topics include reflex actions, nervous system structure, and endocrine gland function. the Plant hormones and the tropic movements are also the frequently discussed.
Reproduction
This chapter covers both asexual and sexual reproduction in animals and plants. Topics like reproductive health, family planning, and HIV/AIDS awareness are included to teach students about personal health, safety, and disease prevention. These areas are important from both educational and exam perspectives, as board exams frequently include short and long-answer questions from them.
Heredity
This chapter explains Mendel’s famous pea plant experiments and how traits like height, eye color, and blood group are passed from parents to children. You must understand the laws of inheritance and sex determination clearly.
Unit III – Natural Phenomena (Light)
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Light – Reflection and Refraction | Reflection, Spherical Mirrors, Mirror Formula, Magnification, Refraction, Lenses, Power of Lens, Human Eye, Defects of Vision |
| Light – Dispersion and Scattering | Prism, Dispersion of White Light, Scattering of Light, Daily Life Applications |
The light chapters are extremely important for numerical questions and diagram-based answers. The mirror formula and lens formula are two equations you must practice daily. Defects of vision like myopia, hypermetropia, and presbyopia—along with their correction methods are asked in almost every board exam.
0Unit IV – Effects of Electric Current
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Electricity | Electric Current, Ohm’s Law, Resistance, Resistivity, Series & Parallel Circuits, Heating Effect, Electric Power |
| Magnetic Effects of Current | Magnetic Field, Field Lines, Electromagnetism, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, AC & DC, Domestic Electric Circuits |
The electricity chapter is full of numbers and those who do problem practice regularly do very well in this chapter. Standard board exam questions are on Ohm’s law, equivalent resistance in series and parallel combinations and problems on electric power. The Magnetic Effects chapter is more concept-based—understanding Fleming’s Left Hand Rule and the difference between AC and DC current is essential.
Unit V – Natural Resources (Environment)
The final unit, Our Environment, teaches you about ecosystems, food chains, ozone layer depletion, and waste management. This chapter is short and conceptual, making it one of the easiest-scoring chapters in the entire syllabus. Understand the difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances, and you will easily handle most questions from this unit.
Deleted Topics for 2026–27 — Do Not Study These
CBSE has removed certain chapters and topics to reduce exam pressure. Many students make the mistake of studying deleted content. Save your time and focus only on what is in the current syllabus.
| Deleted Chapter / Topic | What Has Been Removed |
|---|---|
| Periodic Classification of Elements | Entire chapter deleted |
| Sustainable Management of Natural Resources | Entire chapter deleted |
| Sources of Energy | Entire chapter deleted |
| Heredity and Evolution | Evolution-related topics removed |
| Human Eye and Colourful World | Some colour perception topics removed |
CBSE Class 10 Science Practical List 2026–27
Practicals are a major part of your science education. They improve your observation skills and help you understand theory concepts better. Below is the complete list of experiments you need to perform this year. Maintain your practical file neatly and complete every experiment on time . Your teacher evaluates your file during practical exams, so never take this lightly.
| No. | Experiment Name |
|---|---|
| 1 | Finding pH using pH paper |
| 2 | Studying properties of acids and bases |
| 3 | Observing types of chemical reactions |
| 4 | Reactivity series experiment |
| 5 | Plotting V-I graph (Ohm’s Law verification) |
| 6 | Equivalent resistance in series and parallel circuits |
| 7 | Temporary mount of leaf peel |
| 8 | CO₂ release during respiration |
| 9 | Properties of acetic acid |
| 10 | Cleaning capacity of soap |
| 11 | Focal length of concave mirror and convex lens |
| 12 | Refraction through a glass slab |
| 13 | Binary fission and budding (slides) |
| 14 | Light dispersion through a glass prism |
| 15 | Dicot seed embryo study |
Internal Assessment Breakdown (20 Marks)
| Component | Marks Allotted |
|---|---|
| Periodic Tests | 5 Marks |
| Multiple Assessment Activities | 5 Marks |
| Practical Work | 5 Marks |
| Portfolio | 5 Marks |
| Total | 20 Marks |
Top Preparation Tips for CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exam
The simple fact is that students who genuinely follow NCERT. almost invariably pass with good marks. NCERT is not just a textbook; it is the most important study material for CBSE board preparation. Every question in your board exam is either directly from NCERT or based on NCERT concepts. So before buying any guidebook, finish NCERT thoroughly at least twice.
Practice previous year question papers after NCERT. They give a clear idea about the topics that are asked repeatedly, the type of diagrams expected and the length of answers required. Solve at least five years of past papers before your exam.
- Read NCERT thoroughly — Most board questions come directly from NCERT.
- Practice diagrams daily—biology and physics diagrams fetch easy marks.
- Focus on numericals—Electricity and Light chapters have high numerical weightage.
- Revise chemical equations regularly—frequently asked in board exams.
- Solve previous year papers — Helps you understand the exam pattern.
- Maintain your practical file properly — Secures full internal assessment marks.
Draw diagrams for biology on a daily basis. Even a rough diagram with proper labels will earn you points. For Physics, try at least ten numerical problems per chapter. For Chemistry, keep a separate notebook for chemical equations and revise it weekly.
Start revising at least a month before the board exam. Make short notes for each chapter, revise formulas, and practice writing answers within time limits. Science is a subject where consistent effort always pays off — there are no shortcuts, but the reward is absolutely worth it.
Final Words
The CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27 is well structured and can be easily handled if you study it chapter wise with a proper plan. Focus on NCERT practice diagrams and numericals, keep a practical file, and revise frequently. Every Student can score 90+ marks in science with the right strategy and honest effort.
Best of luck with your preparations!